The Pennine Way Footbridge forms part of a set with Wentbridge Viaduct, Droppingwell Footbridge, Smithy Wood Footbridge, Needle Eye Bridge, and Scammonden Bridge. The link is that all were designed by the highly productive and creative West Riding County Council during the 1960s as part of major expansions of the motorway and A-road network.
The footbridge was built to preserve a walking route over the M62 motorway, where the highway enters a deep cutting on the western edge of the Pennines. Approaching it along the footpath from the south, you can hear the motorway before you see the bridge, a sound much like a waterfall in a canyon. The bridge is glimpsed across the moors but not properly seen until close to the crest of the cutting, where the dull roar of sound reveals itself to be a cascade of cars and lorries tumbling westwards towards Manchester.
Spanning 67m, the facts of the bridge are prosaic. It is a three-hinged reinforced concrete arch, with prestressed propped cantilevers carrying most of the deck. Similarities with the Droppingwell and Needle Eye bridges are obvious, and there's another very similar bridge near Leeds which I hope to visit on another occasion. The Swanscombe Cutting Footbridge in Kent is another point of comparison, the only bridge of this type in Britain which holds Listed status.
I think the Pennine Way bridge is the only example of its kind (in the UK at least) where the deck follows a sag curve. At first sight, this is a disconcerting choice, especially viewed from the motorway, but it makes perfect sense when seeing the footpath in context. It's interesting to wonder whether, if it had been built a few years later, a stress ribbon solution would have been considered, as was done within a decade at Hope in Derbyshire.
I find the bridge to be extremely elegant. The counter-curved lines of the arch and the deck sit well together, and all the concrete elements are particularly slender. The legs of the arch split below the deck to provide lateral stability. The bridge is not beautiful from all angles, but it's hard to find much to fault with it. It is little more than it needs to be, and its geometry has been chosen with great care.
The parapet is made of aluminium, and has lasted far better than the painted steel parapet on the Scammonden Bridge (the next bridge above the M62 to the east). Because the deck falls towards its centre, the deck includes a drainage slot above its central hinge, which presumably drains to ground through the arch legs.
The bridge throws a sharp and striking shadow across the landscape. This is a supremely difficult location for a bridge, acting as a gateway between Lancashire and Yorkshire, and between the slopes to the west and the broad moorland to the east. It sits well at such an aesthetically sensitive location.
Perhaps the only thing I would criticise is not the bridge itself, but the careless positioning of motorway furniture around it. In particular, a large traffic sign on the eastbound approach spoils views of the bridge along the motorway. The bridge is not unique in this respect, with the Highways Agency and their forebears generally giving little or no consideration to how the motorway as a whole system should be treated aesthetically.Further information:
(Smith, 1994)
(Rennison, 1996)
(Slack, 1986)
